IP rating test

The enclosure protection level (IP code) is an important indicator of the safety protection of electrical equipment. The so-called IP code indicates a code system for the enclosure to prevent people from accessing dangerous parts, to prevent solid foreign objects, water from entering, and additional information related to these protections. The specified electrical equipment has the following enclosure protection levels: 1) Prevent humans from approaching dangerous parts in the enclosure; 2) Prevent solid foreign objects from entering the equipment in the enclosure; 3) Prevent harmful effects on the equipment due to water entering the enclosure. At present, the universal standard that meets the requirements of IP protection level is IEC/EN 60529, and its converted Chinese national standard is GB 4208.

A brief description of each number of the IP code is as follows:

The laboratory is equipped with a complete equipment system such as a sand and dust test box and a rain test box, which can test dust and waterproof items in accordance with IEC/EN 60529, GB 4208 and other standards. In order to make our customers understand the test methods and technical indicators, we will briefly introduce them.

The first characteristic number in the IP code indicates the protection against access to dangerous parts and the protection against the entry of solid foreign objects. The requirements for protection against access to dangerous parts are described in the following table:

The protection requirements for the first characteristic number in the IP code to prevent the entry of solid foreign objects are as follows:

The second characteristic number in the IP code indicates the protection level requirements for the enclosure to prevent harmful effects on the equipment due to water ingress as shown in the table below (testing is conducted with clean water). In addition, when the level of preventing the human body from approaching the dangerous parts in the shell is higher than the level indicated by the first characteristic number, the extended range will be expressed by adding accessory letters after the first 2 digits, which also need to meet the requirements of these additional letters. .
 

The following is the test method and judgment basis:

IP1 x 

Protects 50mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the sphere diameter is 50mm, and should not be completely entered

IP2 x

Protect 12.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the sphere diameter is 12.5mm, and should not be completely entered

IP3 x 

Protects 2.5mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the sphere diameter is 2.5mm, and should not be completely entered

IP4 x

Protects 1.0mm diameter and larger solid foreign body detectors, the sphere diameter is 1.0mm, and should not be completely entered

IP5 x

It is impossible to prevent dust from entering, but the amount of dust entering will not cause damage to the equipment

IP6 x

Dust should not enter dust in the closed cabinet at a low pressure of 20 mbar

Waterproof rating (the second X indicates)

(1) IPx 1

Method name: vertical drip test

Test equipment: dripping test device

Sample placement: Place the sample on the rotating sample table at 1r/min according to the normal working position of the sample, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip opening is not more than 200mm

Test conditions: the dripping volume is 10. 5 mm/min

Duration: 10 min 

(2) IPx 2 

Method name: 15° inclined water drip test

Test equipment: dripping test device

Sample placement: make one surface of the sample form an angle of 15° with the vertical, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip opening is not more than 200mm. After testing one side each time, change the other side for a total of four times.

Test conditions: The amount of dripping water is 30.5 mm/min

Duration: 4×2.5 min (10 min in total)

(3) IPx 3

Method name: Water spray test

experiment method: 

a. Swing tube water spray test

Test equipment: swing tube water spray test device

Sample placement: Choose a swing tube with an appropriate radius, make the height of the sample table at the position of the diameter of the swing tube, place the sample on the sample table so that the distance between the top of the sample and the sample nozzle is not more than 200mm, and the sample table does not rotate.

Test conditions: The water flow is calculated according to the number of spray holes of the pendulum tube, each hole is 0.07 L/min. When water is sprayed, the water spray from the spray holes in the 60° arc on both sides of the pendulum tube is sprayed to the sample . The test sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 60° on both sides of the vertical line, a total of 120°. Each swing (2×120°) about 4

Test time: continuous spraying water for 10 min 

b. Sprinkler water spray test

Test equipment: hand-held water spray test device

Sample placement: make the parallel distance between the top of the test and the nozzle of the hand-held sprinkler be between 300mm and 500mm

Test conditions: A baffle with a counterweight should be installed during the test, and the water flow rate is 10 L/min 

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 5 min 

(4) IPx 4

Method name: Water splash test

experiment method: 

a. Swing tube splash test

Test equipment and sample placement: the same as the above IPX 3 item a;

Test conditions: Except for the following conditions, it is the same as the above IPX 3 paragraph a; the spray area is the water spray from the spray holes in the 90° arcs on both sides of the pendulum pipe to the sample. The test sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 180° on both sides of the vertical line, a total of about 360°. Each swing (2×360°) about 12s 

Test time: Same as paragraph a of IPX 3 above (namely 10 min). 

b. Sprinkler type splash test

Test equipment and sample placement: the same as the above IPX 3 item b;

Test conditions: Remove the baffle with counterweight installed on the equipment, and the rest are the same as the above IPX 3 item b;

Test time: the same as the above IPX 3 item b, that is, calculated based on the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 5 min 

(5) IPx 5

Method name: water spray test

Test equipment: The inner diameter of the nozzle of the nozzle is 6.3mm

Test conditions: Make the distance between the test sample and the water nozzle 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow rate is 12.5 L/min (750 L/h)

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 3 min 

(6) IPx 6

Method name: strong water spray test;

Test equipment: the inner diameter of the spray nozzle of the nozzle is 12. 5 mm

Test conditions: make the distance between the test sample and the water nozzle 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow rate is 100 L/min (6000 L/h)

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area) at least 3 min 

(7) IPx 7

Method name: Short-term immersion test

Test equipment and test conditions: immersion tank. The size should be such that the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface is at least 1m after the sample is placed in the immersion tank. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface is at least 0.15m

Test time: 30 min 

(8) IPx 8

Method name: continuous diving test;

Test equipment, test conditions and test time: To be determined by the supply and demand (seller) parties, its severity should be higher than that of IPX 7. 

Note: In addition, many outdoor electronic products are also emphasizing floating ability.